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Friar Julian ((ハンガリー語:Julianus barát)) was one of a group of Hungarian Dominican friars who, in 1235, left Hungary in order to find those Magyars who — according to the chronicles — remained in the eastern homeland. After travelling a great distance, Friar Julian reached the capital of Volga Bulgaria, where he was told that the Magyars lived only two days' travel away. Julian found them, and despite the gap of at least 300–400 years since the split between the Magyars that invaded and settled in Pannonia and those that were found in Bashkiria, their language remained mutually intelligible, and they were able to communicate.〔Arnold Joseph Toynbee, (Constantine Porphyrogenitus and his world ), Oxford University Press, 1973, p. 421〕 Julian named the old country Magna Hungaria or Great Hungary. He became aware of stories about the infamous Tartars, who were the enemies of the eastern Magyars and Bulgars. Two years after the original journey, Julian returned to Magna Hungaria, only to find it had been devastated by the Mongol Tartars. He returned to his kingdom with news of mortal danger and a Mongol ultimatum to Hungary.〔Klima, László: The Linguistic Affinity of the Volgaic Finno-Ugrians and Their Ethnogenesis. Studia Historica Fenno-ugrica I. Oulu, 1996. 21–33.〕〔Magyar Utazok Lexikona (cyclopaedia of Hungarian travellers). Editor: Denes Balazs,Panorama, Budapest, 1993. ISBN 963-243-344-0 ()〕 The Dominican order was established in Hungary in 1221 with the aim of evangelizing the East, which simultaneously raised the issue of discovering the Hungarians who had remained on the native soil. The significance of Julian’s travels: he was the first one to bring valid information about Hungarians living in Magna Hungaria, which contributes a lot to research on Hungarian history, he was the first one to bring news on the upcoming Tartar invasion on Europe, he was the first European traveler who gathered valid information on Asia, and his descriptions are of great importance from the geographical aspect, which gave essential motivation to future explorers and researchers. ==See also== *Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria *Battle of Mohi *Eastern Magyars 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Friar Julian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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